{"id":19777,"date":"2026-05-24T11:55:12","date_gmt":"2026-05-24T08:55:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.maktoobooks.com\/%d7%90%d7%9e%d7%99%d7%9c-%d7%97%d7%91%d7%99%d7%91%d7%99-%d7%94%d7%a1%d7%95%d7%a4%d7%a8-%d7%a9%d7%a1%d7%99%d7%a8%d7%91-%d7%9c%d7%94%d7%99%d7%a2%d7%a0%d7%95%d7%aa-%d7%9c%d7%97%d7%9c%d7%95%d7%a7%d7%94\/"},"modified":"2026-06-21T13:39:30","modified_gmt":"2026-06-21T10:39:30","slug":"%d7%90%d7%9e%d7%99%d7%9c-%d7%97%d7%91%d7%99%d7%91%d7%99-%d7%94%d7%a1%d7%95%d7%a4%d7%a8-%d7%a9%d7%a1%d7%99%d7%a8%d7%91-%d7%9c%d7%94%d7%99%d7%a2%d7%a0%d7%95%d7%aa-%d7%9c%d7%97%d7%9c%d7%95%d7%a7%d7%94","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.maktoobooks.com\/ar\/%d7%90%d7%9e%d7%99%d7%9c-%d7%97%d7%91%d7%99%d7%91%d7%99-%d7%94%d7%a1%d7%95%d7%a4%d7%a8-%d7%a9%d7%a1%d7%99%d7%a8%d7%91-%d7%9c%d7%94%d7%99%d7%a2%d7%a0%d7%95%d7%aa-%d7%9c%d7%97%d7%9c%d7%95%d7%a7%d7%94\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0641\u0627"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064e\u0651\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0627\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span>. \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0644\u064a \u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0628\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064d \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 <\/span><\/span>“\u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0631\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0651<\/span><\/span>“\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0630\u0628\u064f \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064b\u0627<\/span><\/span>. \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u0631\u062a \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0630\u0628\u062d\u0629\u064c \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0651 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u0631 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\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e<\/span><\/span>.<\/p>\n

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\u062d\u064a\u0641\u0627<\/span><\/span>\/\u062d\u064a\u0641\u0647 \u0647\u064a \u0642\u0644\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0644\u0629<\/span><\/span>. \u062d\u064a\u0641\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064e\u0642\u0650\u064a\u064e \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0637\u064f\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0631\u064e\u0651\u0629\u064b \u0625\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u064e\u0651\u0629\u064d \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u063a\u0627\u0632\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0647\u0627<\/span><\/span>. \u062d\u064a\u0641\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0644\u0645\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064d \u064a\u062d\u0644\u0651 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0636\u064a\u0641\u064b\u0627<\/span><\/span>. \u0647\u0646\u0627\u060c \u062a\u0646\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0650\u0651\u0633 <\/span><\/span>“\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629<\/span><\/span>“\u060c \u063a\u0633\u0651\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/span><\/span>. \u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0643\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0646\u064a <\/span><\/span>“\u0639\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u064a\u0641\u0627<\/span><\/span>” \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0650\u0639<\/span><\/span>. \u0623\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0641\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u062d\u0643\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0641\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0641\u0649 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062a<\/span><\/span>. \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0643\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0647\u0648<\/span><\/span>: \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629\u064f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0642\u0648\u062f\u061f \u0623\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0641\u0647\u0648<\/span><\/span>: \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u063a\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062a\u064e\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u064e\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062a\u064e \u064a\u063a\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0643\u061f<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0644\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0651 <\/span><\/span>“\u0628\u0627\u0642\u064d \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0641\u0627<\/span><\/span>” \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0642\u0628\u0631\u064d \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628<\/span><\/span>. \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0635\u062f\u064b\u0649\u060c \u0625\u0646 \u0644\u0645 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0631\u062f\u0651\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/span><\/span>. \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621<\/span><\/span>. \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621<\/span><\/span>. \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0638\u0629\u064e \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u064f\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064f \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646\u064e \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0641\u0649\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0651 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0630\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0628\u0643\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0628\u064e\u0643\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0638\u0644\u0651 \u062a\u0636\u062d\u0643 \u0636\u062d\u0643\u0629\u064e \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0623\u0633<\/span><\/span>. \u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631 \u063a\u0627\u0626\u0628<\/span><\/span>.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u0631\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0628\u064d \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0644\u064a\u064d\u0651 \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064d \u0645\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0646<\/span><\/span>. \u0628\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0623\u0633\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0651\u062a\u064a\u0646<\/span><\/span>: \u0645\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u064f\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064e\u0642\u0650\u064a\u064e \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u064f\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062a\u064f \u0645\u0646\u0647<\/span><\/span>. \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062f\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062e\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u062c\u064a\u0651\u062f\u064b\u0627<\/span><\/span>. \u0641\u0641\u064a \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0651\u062a\u0647 <\/span><\/span>“\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u062a\u0648<\/span><\/span>” \u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0643\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0651 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0643\u0628\u0629<\/span><\/span>. \u0623\u0639\u0637\u0649 \u0643\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0641\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0644\u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636\u0647<\/span><\/span>. \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0637\u0649 \u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0644\u0633\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0636<\/span><\/span>. \u062e\u0648\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u064a\u0651 \u0645\u062f\u064b\u0649 \u064a\u064f\u0643\u062a\u064e\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0651 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629\u064d \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0646\u0639\u062a \u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0651\u0629\u064d \u0628\u0640<\/span><\/span>“\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0650\u0651\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0625\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u064a<\/span><\/span>“. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0644\u0641\u062a\u0629 \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642\u0629<\/span><\/span>. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0650\u0651\u0645\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0642\u062f\u064e\u0651\u0645 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0636\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u064e\u0651\u0645 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u064f\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0647<\/span><\/span>.<\/p>\n

\u0637\u0628\u0639\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u064a\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0644\u064e\u00a0<\/strong>\u0641\u0642\u0637\u061b \u0641\u0641\u064a <\/span><\/span>“\u0633\u062f\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0629<\/span><\/span>” \u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645 <\/span><\/span>1967\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0641\u0635\u0644\u064d \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0628\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062a\u064d \u0645\u062a\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629\u064d \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629<\/span><\/span>. \u062b\u0645 \u062c\u0627\u0621\u062a \u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u062a\u064e\u064a <\/span><\/span>“\u0625\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span>” \u0648<\/span><\/span>“\u0633\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0648\u0644<\/span><\/span>” \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u064e\u0651\u0639\u062a\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0635\u0642\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u062b\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0651<\/span><\/span>. \u0644\u0630\u0627<\/span><\/span>. \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064d \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u064d \u0641\u0642\u0637\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0648\u0644\u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639\u062a\u064e\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629\u061b \u0641\u0623\u062f\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0628\u0646\u064a\u064c\u0651 \u0643\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u0629\u064d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0621<\/span><\/span>: \u062d\u064a\u0641\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u0639\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064e\u0651\u0642 \u062a\u0639\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0623\u0631\u062c\u062d \u0645\u0631\u064e\u0651\u0629\u064b \u0625\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u064e\u0651\u0629\u064d \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648<\/span><\/span>.<\/p>\n

\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0629\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0643\u062a\u0628 \u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0642\u0635\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629<\/span><\/span>. \u0648\u0631\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0628\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0623\u0648\u0651\u0644 \u0642\u0635\u0635\u0647 \u0647\u064a <\/span><\/span>“\u0628\u0648\u0651\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062f\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0648\u0645<\/span><\/span>” \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u064f\u0634\u0631\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0645 <\/span><\/span>1954. \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d<\/span><\/span>. \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0646 <\/span><\/span>1948\/1949 \u0646\u064f\u0634\u0631\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 <\/span><\/span>\u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642<\/span><\/span>\u00bb \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0635\u0629\u064f \u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u064a <\/span><\/span>\u00ab\u0644\u0627 \u062d\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0647\u0646\u0645<\/span><\/span>\u00bb (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u062a\u064f\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u062f\u0651\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 <\/span><\/span>\u00ab\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628<\/span><\/span>\u00bb \u0648\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0634\u0631 <\/span><\/span>\u00ab\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0633<\/span><\/span>\u00bb\u060c \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u064a\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0631\u063a\u0648\u062b\u064a \u0648\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u062f\u0644<\/span><\/span>). \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645\u0629\u064c \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644\u0651 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u064a<\/span><\/span>: \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0622\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639<\/span><\/span>. \u0645\u064e\u0646 \u0628\u064e\u0642\u0650\u064a\u064e \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u064d\u0651 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062d\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u064d \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062d\u064a\u0645<\/span><\/span>. \u062a\u0630\u0643\u0650\u0651\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0651 \u062b\u0645\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u062c\u0645\u064e\u0639 \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u0642\u0631\u064e\u0623<\/span><\/span>.<\/p>\n

\u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u062c\u0632\u0621\u064c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0627\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span>. \u0623\u0646\u0637\u0648\u0646 \u0634\u0645\u0651\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645 \u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0628\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629\u064d \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0623\u062f\u0631\u0643 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0639\u0628 \u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0646\u0639\u064a\u0645\u0647 \u0648\u0643\u064e\u064a\u064e\u0651 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0647\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0651 \u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u062c\u0639\u064f\u0651\u062f\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0633\u062e\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0629\u064b \u0643\u0639\u064e\u0638\u0652\u0645\u064d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642<\/span><\/span>. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0651\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0633\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0650\u0651\u062a\u0647<\/span><\/span>. \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0633\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0650\u0651\u0644 \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0633 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0651\u0629 <\/span><\/span>“\u062d\u0628\u0651\u0648\u0628\u0629<\/span><\/span>” \u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u062b\u064e \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0643\u062a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629\u064e \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0642<\/span><\/span>. \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627\u060c \u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0634\u0645\u0651\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 <\/span><\/span>“\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629<\/span><\/span>” \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0648\u0622\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u0650\u0651\u064a\u0647\u0627 <\/span><\/span>“\u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629\u064b \u0639\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span>“\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u0628\u062d\u0631 \u0628\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064d \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628<\/span><\/span>. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0647\u0648 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0648\u062c\u0650\u0651\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064e\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 <\/span><\/span>“\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628<\/span><\/span>” \u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629<\/span><\/span>. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0627 \u0634\u0641\u0651\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0645 <\/span><\/span>“\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0646<\/span><\/span>” \u0628\u0639\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span>.<\/p>\n

\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0629\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u062d\u064a\u0644 \u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0651 \u062f\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u064f\u0633\u062f\u064e\u0651\u062f<\/span><\/span>. \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u062d\u0648\u0650\u0651\u0644\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0645\u0632<\/span><\/span>. \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u064a\u0631\u062f\u0650\u0651\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u00a0\u062d\u0646\u0651\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0650\u0641\u0650\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 <\/span><\/span>“\u0633\u062f\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0629<\/span><\/span>” \u0628\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627<\/span><\/span>. \u0644\u0627 \u0643\u0642\u0635\u0635 \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0631\u0642\u0629<\/span><\/span>. \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629\u064c \u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0622\u0646\u064d \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627<\/span><\/span>. \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629\u064e \u0642\u0635\u0635\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0633\u062f\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629<\/span><\/span>. \u0633\u062a\u064f\u0651 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a\u064d \u062a\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064e\u0651\u062b \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0639\u0636<\/span><\/span>. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0643\u0644\u0627\u064b 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\u0639\u0645\u064a\u062a<\/span><\/span>–\u0643\u0648\u062e\u0627\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0647\u062f\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0628\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0645\u064a\u062a<\/span><\/span>–\u0643\u0648\u062e\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0631\u062d\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647<\/span><\/span>)\u060c \u062a\u0646\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629\u064c \u062d\u064e\u0628\u0650\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u0627\u064b<\/span><\/span>: \u062b\u0645\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0642\u0635\u0635\u064c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062f\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0631\u062c\u0645\u062a \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0651\u0627\u062a\u064d\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u0629\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 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\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0647<\/span><\/span>. \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 <\/span><\/span>“\u0633\u062f\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0629<\/span><\/span>” \u0628\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u062a\u062c\u0644\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0636\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0635\u064a\u063a\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627<\/span><\/span>.<\/p>\n

\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0651\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0631\u064a\u062d\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0635\u0646\u064e\u0651\u0641 \u0628\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629<\/span><\/span>. \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0628\u0637\u0645\u0623\u0646\u064a\u0646\u0629\u064d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0641\u0651 <\/span><\/span>“\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644<\/span><\/span>“\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0641\u0651 <\/span><\/span>“\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0634<\/span><\/span>“\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062f\u0651 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0631\u0641\u0651 <\/span><\/span>“\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a<\/span><\/span>“. \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0623\u0634\u062f\u064f\u0651 \u0625\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0647\u0627<\/span><\/span>. \u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064e\u0642\u0650\u064a\u064e \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0641\u064e\u0651 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u063a\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u064e\u0651\u0645 \u0628\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u064e\u0646\u064e\u0644\u0652 \u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u064e\u0651\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0636\u062d\u0643 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u062d\u0643 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629\u064b \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644<\/span><\/span>: \u0645\u0627 \u0632\u0644\u062a\u064f \u0647\u0646\u0627<\/span><\/span>.<\/p>\n

\u0628\u0639\u062f \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u062d\u064a\u0644\u0647\u060c \u064a\u062c\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u0644\u0643\u064a \u0646\u064f\u0644\u0637\u0650\u0651\u0641\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0643\u064a \u0646\u0633\u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0639\u062f\u0645\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0644\u0650\u0651\u062f\u0647<\/span><\/span>. \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0641\u0627<\/span><\/span>\/\u062d\u064a\u0641\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0647<\/span><\/span>. \u0643\u0644\u0651\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0645\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627<\/span><\/span>. \u0643\u062a\u0628 \u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0621 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0630\u0627\u062c\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0639 \u0633\u0630\u0627\u062c\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629<\/span><\/span>. \u0648\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0621 \u062d\u0631\u0651\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0641\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0639 \u062d\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0644\u063a\u0629<\/span><\/span>. \u0648\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0642\u0651\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0628\u0642\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0641\u0627<\/span><\/span>.<\/p>\n

*\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u062d\u064a\u0641\u0629 “\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f”<\/a> \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 5.6.2026. \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629: \u0625\u064a\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0631\u063a\u0648\u062b\u064a.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/h4>\n ","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

“\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0636\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u062d\u064a\u0644 \u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0648 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0642\u0648\u0634\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0631\u0647 “\u0628\u0627\u0642\u064d \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0641\u0627” \u062a\u062a\u0631\u062f\u064e\u0651\u062f \u0643\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629\u064d \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0650\u064a\u064e\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u0644\u0627 “\u0639\u0627\u0634 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0641\u0627”\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 “\u062f\u064f\u0641\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0641\u0627”\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u064d \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627.” \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f\u0627 \u0634\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0641-\u0634\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0663\u0660 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u062d\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u064a. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":48,"featured_media":19779,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[5757],"tags":[],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n\u0627\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0641\u0627 • \u05de\u05b7\u05db\u05b0\u05bc\u05ea\u05d5\u05bc\u05d1\u05bc \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628 - \u05e1\u05e4\u05e8\u05d5\u05ea \u05e2\u05e8\u05d1\u05d9\u05ea \u05d1\u05e2\u05d1\u05e8\u05d9\u05ea<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.maktoobooks.com\/ar\/\u05d0\u05de\u05d9\u05dc-\u05d7\u05d1\u05d9\u05d1\u05d9-\u05d4\u05e1\u05d5\u05e4\u05e8-\u05e9\u05e1\u05d9\u05e8\u05d1-\u05dc\u05d4\u05d9\u05e2\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea-\u05dc\u05d7\u05dc\u05d5\u05e7\u05d4\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ar_AR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u0627\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0641\u0627 • \u05de\u05b7\u05db\u05b0\u05bc\u05ea\u05d5\u05bc\u05d1\u05bc \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628 - \u05e1\u05e4\u05e8\u05d5\u05ea \u05e2\u05e8\u05d1\u05d9\u05ea \u05d1\u05e2\u05d1\u05e8\u05d9\u05ea\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\""\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0636\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u062d\u064a\u0644 \u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0648 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0642\u0648\u0634\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0631\u0647 "\u0628\u0627\u0642\u064d \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0641\u0627" \u062a\u062a\u0631\u062f\u064e\u0651\u062f \u0643\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629\u064d \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0650\u064a\u064e\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u0644\u0627 "\u0639\u0627\u0634 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0641\u0627"\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 "\u062f\u064f\u0641\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0641\u0627"\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u064d \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627." \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f\u0627 \u0634\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0641-\u0634\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0663\u0660 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u062d\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u064a.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.maktoobooks.com\/ar\/\u05d0\u05de\u05d9\u05dc-\u05d7\u05d1\u05d9\u05d1\u05d9-\u05d4\u05e1\u05d5\u05e4\u05e8-\u05e9\u05e1\u05d9\u05e8\u05d1-\u05dc\u05d4\u05d9\u05e2\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea-\u05dc\u05d7\u05dc\u05d5\u05e7\u05d4\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"\u05de\u05b7\u05db\u05b0\u05bc\u05ea\u05d5\u05bc\u05d1\u05bc \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628 - \u05e1\u05e4\u05e8\u05d5\u05ea \u05e2\u05e8\u05d1\u05d9\u05ea \u05d1\u05e2\u05d1\u05e8\u05d9\u05ea\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/maktoobooks\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2026-05-24T08:55:12+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-06-21T10:39:30+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.maktoobooks.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Emile_Habibi.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"700\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1046\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"\u05db\u05e4\u05d0\u05d7 \u05e2\u05d1\u05d3 \u05d0\u05dc\u05d7\u05dc\u05d9\u05dd\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"\u05db\u05e4\u05d0\u05d7 \u05e2\u05d1\u05d3 \u05d0\u05dc\u05d7\u05dc\u05d9\u05dd\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"12 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.maktoobooks.com\/ar\/%d7%90%d7%9e%d7%99%d7%9c-%d7%97%d7%91%d7%99%d7%91%d7%99-%d7%94%d7%a1%d7%95%d7%a4%d7%a8-%d7%a9%d7%a1%d7%99%d7%a8%d7%91-%d7%9c%d7%94%d7%99%d7%a2%d7%a0%d7%95%d7%aa-%d7%9c%d7%97%d7%9c%d7%95%d7%a7%d7%94\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.maktoobooks.com\/ar\/%d7%90%d7%9e%d7%99%d7%9c-%d7%97%d7%91%d7%99%d7%91%d7%99-%d7%94%d7%a1%d7%95%d7%a4%d7%a8-%d7%a9%d7%a1%d7%99%d7%a8%d7%91-%d7%9c%d7%94%d7%99%d7%a2%d7%a0%d7%95%d7%aa-%d7%9c%d7%97%d7%9c%d7%95%d7%a7%d7%94\/\",\"name\":\"\u0627\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0641\u0627 • \u05de\u05b7\u05db\u05b0\u05bc\u05ea\u05d5\u05bc\u05d1\u05bc \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628 - 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