{"id":16943,"date":"2023-03-16T14:49:41","date_gmt":"2023-03-16T12:49:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.maktoobooks.com\/?page_id=16943"},"modified":"2026-03-18T16:04:19","modified_gmt":"2026-03-18T14:04:19","slug":"%d8%b7%d8%a7%d9%82%d9%85%d9%86%d8%a7-2","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.maktoobooks.com\/ar\/%d8%b7%d8%a7%d9%82%d9%85%d9%86%d8%a7-2\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0645\u0646\u0627"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

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\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0632\u0628 <\/span><\/span><\/span>“\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a<\/span><\/span><\/span>“\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span><\/span>. \u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u063a\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645 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<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062e\u0648\u0631\u064a<\/span>“<\/span><\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0631\u063a\u0648\u062b\u064a \u2013 \u0646\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

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\u062f<\/b><\/span><\/span>.<\/b>\u064a\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0646 <\/b><\/span><\/span>(<\/b>\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a<\/b><\/span><\/span>) <\/b>\u0645\u0646\u062f\u0644 \u2013 \u0646\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631 \u0648\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0637 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0631\u064a <\/span><\/span><\/span>“\u0633\u064a\u062d\u0627 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u062a<\/span><\/span><\/span>“\u060c \u0635\u062d\u064a\u0641\u0629 <\/span><\/span><\/span>“\u0647\u0622\u0631\u062a\u0633<\/span><\/span><\/span>” \u0648<\/span>\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u201c<\/span><\/span><\/span>London Review of Books\u201d \u0648<\/span><\/span><\/span>-\u201dNew Left Review\u201d. \u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0646 \u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0644\u0647\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u062e\u0648\u0636 \u062d\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span><\/span>. \u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f\u062c \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0631 \u064a\u0627\u0633\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0646 \u063a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0628<\/span><\/span><\/span>. \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u062d\u062b\u0647 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0633\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062d\u0648\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u0648\u060c<\/span> \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0643\u062a\u0628\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644<\/span><\/span><\/span>: <\/span>\u201c\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627<\/span><\/span><\/span>: <\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u201d<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> <\/span>\u0648<\/span><\/span><\/span>–\u201c<\/a>\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span>: \u0645\u0639\u0637\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u201d<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0643\u0641\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0645<\/b><\/span><\/span>– \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648<\/b>\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

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\u062f<\/b><\/span><\/span>. <\/b>\u0628\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0634\u062a\u064a<\/b><\/span><\/span>– <\/b>\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0628\u064a\u0643 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\u062d\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0644 \u0623\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/span><\/span>. \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646<\/span><\/span>. \u0646\u0634\u0637\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0637\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 <\/span><\/span>“\u0623\u062e\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644<\/span><\/span>” \u0648<\/span><\/span>-\u201c\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a\u201d\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 <\/span><\/span>“\u0632\u0632\u064a\u0645<\/span><\/span>– \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a<\/span><\/span>“.<\/p>\n

\u062d\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0639\u062f\u064a<\/b><\/span><\/span>– <\/b>\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u0629 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631<\/b> <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\u062d\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0642\u0628 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0633\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0628\u064a\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0644<\/span><\/span><\/span>. <\/span><\/span>\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0633 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0639\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0633\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 <\/span><\/span><\/span>“<\/span><\/span>\u0645\u0646\u0628\u0631<\/span><\/span><\/span>” <\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span><\/span>–<\/span>\u00a0\u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 <\/span>\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0634 \u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0646\u0627 \u0631\u0648\u0632\u0646\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0637 – \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0628 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0644 \u0623\u0628\u064a\u0628<\/span><\/span>. <\/span>\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 <\/span><\/span>“<\/span>\u0639\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0645<\/span><\/span>” <\/span>\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0631\u0648\u062a \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 <\/span><\/span>“<\/span>\u0643\u0646\u0627\u0641<\/span><\/span>” <\/span>\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0643\u0631\u0645\u0644<\/span><\/span>. <\/span>\u062f\u0631\u0651\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0644 \u0623\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0628\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0639<\/span><\/span>. <\/span>\u0645\u0646 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span>: <\/span>\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0644\u0632 \u062f\u064a\u0643\u0646\u0632\u060c \u0641\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0641\u060c \u0622\u0631\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u064a\u0644\u0631\u060c \u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0631\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0646\u063a\u062a\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0648\u062f<\/span><\/span><\/span>. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u0648\u062f<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>– \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0648<\/b><\/span><\/span>\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\u064a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0628 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>. <\/span><\/span>\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0644\u0642\u0628 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0644 \u0623\u0628\u064a\u0628\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>. <\/span><\/span>\u064a\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641 \u0648\u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062e\u0648\u0631\u064a<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n ","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0631 \u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f\u0627 \u0634\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0641 \u0634\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631. \u064a\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0643\u062a\u0628\u0647 “\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628: \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0646\u064a\u0629\u201d. \u062d\u0631\u0631 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 “\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f” \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0633\u062a \u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0635\u0647\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644. \u0646\u0634\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629…<\/p>\n

\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 …<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":18714,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"template-fullwidth.php","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0645\u0646\u0627 • \u05de\u05b7\u05db\u05b0\u05bc\u05ea\u05d5\u05bc\u05d1\u05bc \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628 - \u05e1\u05e4\u05e8\u05d5\u05ea \u05e2\u05e8\u05d1\u05d9\u05ea \u05d1\u05e2\u05d1\u05e8\u05d9\u05ea<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.maktoobooks.com\/ar\/\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0645\u0646\u0627-2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ar_AR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0645\u0646\u0627 • \u05de\u05b7\u05db\u05b0\u05bc\u05ea\u05d5\u05bc\u05d1\u05bc \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628 - 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